{"id":2845,"date":"2025-07-27T11:20:11","date_gmt":"2025-07-27T11:20:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/phoenixlab1.com\/?page_id=2845"},"modified":"2025-07-27T17:58:22","modified_gmt":"2025-07-27T17:58:22","slug":"t-cell-induced-colitis-model","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/phoenixlab1.com\/index.php\/en\/t-cell-induced-colitis-model\/","title":{"rendered":"T cell-induced colitis model"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"2845\" class=\"elementor elementor-2845\" data-elementor-settings=\"{&quot;element_pack_global_tooltip_width&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;element_pack_global_tooltip_width_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;element_pack_global_tooltip_width_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;element_pack_global_tooltip_padding&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;top&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;right&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;bottom&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;left&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;isLinked&quot;:true},&quot;element_pack_global_tooltip_padding_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;top&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;right&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;bottom&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;left&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;isLinked&quot;:true},&quot;element_pack_global_tooltip_padding_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;top&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;right&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;bottom&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;left&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;isLinked&quot;:true},&quot;element_pack_global_tooltip_border_radius&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;top&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;right&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;bottom&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;left&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;isLinked&quot;:true},&quot;element_pack_global_tooltip_border_radius_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;top&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;right&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;bottom&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;left&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;isLinked&quot;:true},&quot;element_pack_global_tooltip_border_radius_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;top&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;right&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;bottom&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;left&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;isLinked&quot;:true}}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a2feeee e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"a2feeee\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;video&quot;,&quot;background_video_link&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/phoenixlab1.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2025\\\/06\\\/Animation.mp4&quot;,&quot;background_video_start&quot;:0,&quot;background_play_on_mobile&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-video-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<video class=\"elementor-background-video-hosted\" role=\"presentation\" autoplay muted playsinline loop><\/video>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div><div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-853a01a e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"853a01a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-67fc868 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"67fc868\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">T cell-induced colitis model<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-97b35be e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"97b35be\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-94a4986 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"94a4986\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ef770dd elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ef770dd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"color: #cfaf7a; font-weight: bold;\">\ud83d\udd0d WHY IS IT USEFUL?<\/span><br \/>The T cell-induced colitis model <span style=\"color: #cfaf7a; font-weight: bold;\"><b>reproduces many of the clinicopathological features observed in IBD<\/b><\/span>. A major advantage of this model is its usefulness in the <span style=\"color: #cfaf7a; font-weight: bold;\"><b>study of immunological mechanisms underlying chronic intestinal inflammation<\/b><\/span>. It can also be used to evaluate the role of different lymphocyte populations, cytokines, and proteins expressed during the onset and progression of the disease.<br \/><\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"color: #cfaf7a; font-weight: bold;\">\ud83d\udd0d HOW DOES THE MODEL WORK?<\/span><br \/>In detail, the adoptive transfer of <b>CD4\u207a naive CD45RB<sup>high<\/sup><\/b> cells (naive cells lacking the regulatory T cell population, Treg) from healthy wild-type mice into <b>syngeneic recipient mice<\/b> lacking T and B cells (e.g., RAG knockout mice) induces <b>extensive colitis<\/b> and <b>small intestinal inflammation<\/b> after about <b>5\u20138 weeks<\/b> following the transfer.<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">1\u20133<\/span><br \/><\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In contrast, control mice that receive <b>CD4\u207a CD45RB<sup>low<\/sup><\/b> cells (a population containing Tregs) do not develop colitis: the mice remain healthy, and no T cell activation is observed in the lamina propria.<br \/><\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The duration of the model is about 2 months, during which mice clinically exhibit <b>weight loss<\/b>, <b>loose stools<\/b>, and <b>diarrhea<\/b>, reproducing typical symptoms of the human disease.<br \/><\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">From a <b>histopathological<\/b> perspective, the distal colon of mice with active disease shows:<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Erosions and hyperplasia of the epithelial barrier, and transmural inflammation with massive immune cell infiltration \u2014 all features that closely resemble those seen in patients with IBD.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-760489a elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"760489a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">PARAMETERS EVALUATED<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c835642 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c835642\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">1) Clinical parameters: <\/span><b>Body weight loss<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and <\/span><b>Disease Activity Index (DAI)<\/b>\n\n<br><br>\n\n2) <b>Colon length<\/b>\n\n<br><br>\n\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">3) Histopathological analysis using <\/span><b>RACHMILEWITZ (4) score<\/b>\n\n<br><br>\n\n4) <b>IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL ANALYSES<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. We routinely perform immunohistochemical analyses on any type of murine tissue, including intestinal tissue<\/span>\n\n<br><br>\n\n5) <b>ADDITIONAL ANALYSES:<\/b> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">FACS on leukocyte, endothelial, and epithelial populations, RNA sequencing, Metagenomics, Lipidomics, Integrated bioinformatic analyses, Multiplex Immunoassay, RT-PCR, ELISA kits for cytokines and chemokines.<\/span>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-19825bb elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"19825bb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(4) <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Yang W et al. <\/span><i style=\"font-weight: inherit;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Inflammatory Bowel Diseases 2023; 29(10); 1673-1680. 2. Rajaraman E et al. Methods Mol Bio 2012: 844; 261-275. 3. Ostanin D et al. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2008; 296(2): G135-G146. 4. Rachmilewitz, D. et al. Gastroenterology 2002; 122: 1428\u20131441.<\/span><\/i><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b3900f8 elementor-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"b3900f8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/phoenixlab1.com\/index.php\/en\/request-proposal\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">EXPLORE MORE<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ef6bdfa elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"ef6bdfa\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>T cell-induced colitis model \ud83d\udd0d WHY IS IT USEFUL?The T cell-induced colitis model reproduces many of the clinicopathological features observed 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